Insect oils and chitosan in sheep feeding: Effects on in vitro ruminal biohydrogenation and fermentation

Oils derived from insect defatting may represent novel alternatives to expand the range of lipid supplements in ruminant feeding, both increase energy density diets and improve fatty acid (FA) profile milk meat through modulation ruminal biohydrogenation. Furthermore, chitosans might also modulate FA biohydrogenation, as indicated for crustaceans. Thus, this work was conducted assess potential different oils (as an alternative soybean oil), chitosan their combinations A second objective evaluate effect these products on fermentation, make sure that they would not detrimentally affect diet utilization. The trial followed a 5 × 2 factorial design (10 treatments total): (1 control, without added oil, + 4 oil supplements) (absence or presence chitosan), vitro using batch cultures rumen microorganisms. incubation substrate supplemented with 0 20 g/kg DM soybean, black soldier fly, cricket silkworm, whereas (from fly) at 30 DM. Four cannulated ewes were used inocula donors treatment effects biohydrogenation fermentation parameters (i.e., gas production, ammonia concentration, volatile production molar proportions, dry matter disappearance) examined after 16 h incubation. Insect modulated directly linked degree unsaturation. Results supported three conveniently substitute because exert negative fermentation. In order promote accumulation bioactive (e.g., trans-11 18:1 cis-9 18:2), most interesting it increased potentially health-promoting altering trans-10 concentration. However, negligible fly unsaturated suggested lower interest fat profile. dietary addition did seem favorably modify parameters.